News of Terrorism and the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict (September 10 – September 16, 2014)

Cease-Fire Agreement

• Approximately three weeks after the cease-fire announcement, peace is being maintained. Humanitarian aid continues to enter the Gaza Strip and the different parties are preparing to renew indirect negotiations. Senior officials within Hamas responded to the question of whether the fighting would be renewed. Ismail al-Ashqar, the head of the Palestinian Legislative Council Interior and Security Committee, wrote on his Facebook page, that a senior Hamas official stated that Hamas has no intention of renewing the fighting, even if there is a delay in implementing the ceasefire. According to him, all of the leaks regarding the renewal of fighting are incorrect (Al-Monitor, September 12, 2014).

Inquiry into exceptional operational Incidents by the IDF

•  In accordance with the instructions of the Chief of Staff, Lieutenant-General Benny Gantz, the General Staff Fact-Finding Assessments Mechanism headed by a Major-General, is examining the exceptional incidents in which the IDF was involved during Operation "Protective Edge". So far, over 40 incidents have been referred for assessment and over 50 additional incidents will be referred for assessment in the near future. The incidents relate to attacks during the IDF's aerial operations and ground operations within the Gaza Strip. The events include incidents, where according to the claims, civilians uninvolved in the wide-scale fighting, were killed. Likewise, incidents where damage was caused to medical or UN facilities were also noted.
• So far, the Fact-Finding Assessments Mechanism has completed its examinations with regard to 12 incidents which were referred to it. The findings have been referred to the Chief Military Advocate who decided to close 7 of the cases and ordered opening investigations in two of the cases: the first one, the event of the death of four Palestinian children on the sea-shore in the Gaza Strip (July 16, 2014) and the second, the attack on the school where 15 civilians were killed (July 24, 2014). Three additional incidents are currently being examined (IDF Spokesperson, September 10, 2014).

Forecast for Renewing Negotiations in Egypt

• Jamil Shehadeh, a member of the PLO's Executive Committee, said that the Palestinian Leadership predicts that the negotiation talks with Israel with Egypt's brokerage, will start in two weeks' time.  According to him, the Egyptian side has yet to arrange a date for the start of the talks and has yet to send invitations to the Palestinian delegation, because according to him, arranging the date is dependent on Israel. Jamil Shehadeh pointed out that the Palestinian leadership intends to raise the issue of releasing the fourth stage of prisoners and additional prisoners freed in the Gilad Shalit deal. He added that the Palestinian leadership would refuse Israel's demand of stripping Hamas of its weapons. According to him, the issue of demilitarization of the Gaza Strip demilitarization can be discussed but only at the final stage of the talks. (al-Ayam, September 15, 2014). 
• Sallahal-Bardawil, a senior Hamas official said that the talks will be renewed at the end of the month subject to the official summons of the Egyptian government.  According to him, the “Resistance" has "strong cards" ahead of the talks, captured Israeli soldiers; the historic and legal right of the “Resistance" to end the occupation; the strong stance of the Palestinian public and their ability to teach Israel a difficult lesson. Nonetheless, he emphasized that Hamas is not seeking an escalation and is of the opinion that Israel is not interested in one at this stage either (Palestine, September 15, 2014).

Hamas' position regarding negotiations with Israel

• In an interview given by Musa Abu Marzouq, a member of Hamas’ political bureau, he said that from a Islamic religious point of view, there is no prohibition against holding negotiations with Israel. In his opinion, just as Hamas holds discussions with Israel by means of weapons, it is also possible to talks to her through words. According to him, up to now, Hamas' policy was not to hold negotiations with Israel but if the situation remains as it is, this may likely become the popular demand of the residents of the Gaza Strip. In such an instance, the Hamas movement is likely to find itself forced to choose negotiations because the realization of the rights of the citizens of Gaza will become an intolerable burden for the government  in the Gaza Strip (al-Quds, September 10, 2014).
• Musa Abu Marzouq's statement stirred up a wave of critical reactions among senior Hamas officials and Fatah. The media channels affiliated with Hamas quickly omitted the paragraph about the negotiations in reports regarding the interview (al-Quds, September 12, 2014). In addition, Hamas’ political bureau published a statement that direct negotiations with Israel do not constitute a part of the movement’s policies (Hamas Info, September, 11, 2014).
• Following are several reactions:

• Ismail Haniya, Deputy Head of Hamas’ political bureau, said that the Palestinians will not relinquish their rights and that they are opposed to direct negotiations with Israel (al-Aqsa television channel, September 13, 2014).
• Mahmoud al-Zahar, a member of Hamas’ political bureau, said that Hamas' position remained that it would not carry out direct negotiations with Israel and that no diplomatic issues were currently a part of the negotiations process with Israel. He added that if Mahmoud Abbas' attempts to bring about the removal of the siege, the opening of the crossing and establishing an airport and port were to fail, Hamas would be likely to seek alternative solutions (al-Quds al-Arabi, September 12, 2014).
•  Izzat al-Rishq, a senior Hamas official wrote on his Facebook page that negotiations with Israel are not part of Hamas' policy and are not on their agenda.

• The Fatah spokesmen also seized upon Abu Marzouq's words in order to taunt Hamas mainly because of Hamas' frequent criticism against Fatah for negotiating with Israel.  Ahmed Assaf, Fatah's spokesman, said that Musa Abu Marzouq's declarations weren't surprising in as much as Hamas' secret, direct and indirect negotiations with Israel via regional and international mediators had never ceased. In his opinion, negotiating with Israel outside the framework of legitimate Palestinian institutions was a type of treason. He added that Fatah has been aware the whole time of the secret negotiations that Hamas is holding with Israel regarding humanitarian issues and Abu Marzouq's words constitute "the extortion of the legitimate leadership of the Palestinian people through the use of the negotiations card with Israel independently (Wafa, September 11, 2014). 

• In an interview given by Saeb Erekat, member of the PLO Executive Committee, he said that with this statement, Hamas in point of fact announced that it wasn't a movement but an independent authority holding negotiations with Israel (Palestinian State Television, September 11 2014).

Statements regarding Hamas' policies

• At a press conference assembled by Khaled Mashaal, head of Hamas’ political bureau, during a visit to Tunisia, he commented that Hamas supports a political and diplomatic process alongside all other methods of the struggle (that is, the military struggle). In his opinion, all the methods need to support "the resistance" that will cause Israel to leave their lands and the Palestinians must agree to all forms of managing the struggle. He also said that they "will pursue" Israeli leaders wherever they may be in the world in order to punish them and sentence them for the "war crimes" that they carried out (al-Aqsa television channel, September 13, 2014).  
• Mouammad Nazzal, a member of Hamas' political bureau, warned against returning to a military campaign if certain parties prevented reaching a diplomatic solution. However, he added that if the diplomatic prospect were to reach a dead end without any diplomatic achievements, there was a possibility that they would return to a military campaign. Regarding Mahmoud Abbas, he said that he inferred from his words that he would strip the Resistance of their weapons and said that the Resistance's weapons were a "red line" (Alresalah.net, September 12 2014).

Emad al-Alami, member of Hamas' political bureau, critically wounded

• According to the Palestinian media, Emad al-Alami, a member of Hamas' political bureau, was wounded during Operation Protective Edge and arrived at a hospital in Turkey for treatment. According to sources within Hamas, al-Alami was wounded on the 21^st day of the operation during an attack on a house near his house. According to them, al-Alami was critically wounded and both his legs were amputated. Two other officials of the movement were with him at the time, whose names were not released, were wounded lightly and received medical treatment in the Gaza Strip. He was also treated in the Gaza Strip at first but his situation deteriorated and on the day of the cease-fire announcement, in coordination with Egypt, he left for treatment in Turkey (Quds News, September 14 2014).

Iran's support of the Palestinians

• Hashemi Rafsanjani, Chairman of the Expediency Discernment Council, expressed support for the "Palestinian Resistance". According to him, Iran armed the Palestinians and will protect every Palestinian. He added that the Palestinians' strength stems from one country only, Iran.  (Pars, September10, 2014). 

Rocket fire towards Israel

• Since the cease-fire announcement (August 26, 2014), no rocket launches or firing or mortars have been located by Israel.

Vehicular attack foiled in Ariel

• On 9 September, 2014, a taxi driver deliberately tried to run IDF soldiers over, who were carrying out a patrol close to Ariel in Samaria. No one was injured. The Palestinian driver was captured and brought in for questioning (IDF Spokesman,September 9, 2014).

Violent events continuing in Jerusalem

• Violent events in the East Jerusalem neighborhoods which have increased significantly continue. The Light Rail that traverses between two parts of the city is "in the line of fire". Since the beginning of July 2014, approximately 100 incidents of throwing stones and Molotov cocktails occurred. An example of such took place this week on 12 September, 2014, with three separate incidents of throwing stones and Molotov cocktails at the Light Rail. There were no casualties but damage was caused to the train's windows. Sources from the Light Rail's management announced, that as a result of the violent incidents, seven out of the 23 carriages stopped working. They estimate the direct damage caused to the train's windows so far, as being approximately half a million shekels. In addition, damage to the sum of tens of millions of shekels was caused to the train's infrastructure and caused economic damage as a result of tens of thousands of passengers abandoning the Light Rail (Ha'aretz, September 16, 2014).
• Following are a number of additional incidents that occurred this week in Jerusalem:

• September 12, 2014 – with the end of conclusion of prayers on Temple Mount, masked Palestinians began throwing stones at the police forces. Three Palestinians were arrested.
• September 12, 2014 – stones were thrown at an Israeli car in the Wadi Joz neighborhood. A woman, a passenger in the car, was lightly injured.

Additional events in Judea and Samaria

• "Routine" violence continues in Judea and Samariain what is being termed “the Popular Resistance”.As part of these events, stones have been thrown at Israeli security forces and civilians,Molotov Cocktails have been hurled towards major roads in Judea and Samaria.Also, demonstrations were held in the larger cities and the “traditional” points of friction(Biliin, Naalin, Nabi Saleh, Kadum, Beit Ummar and others).

Protest at the suicide of a prisoner in jail in Beersheba

• On 9 September, 2014, Ra’ed al-Ja’abari, a 37-year old resident of Hebron committed suicide in his cell at the Eshel prison in Beersheba. He was accused of attempting to carry out a vehicular attack in July 2014 and was being detained until the end of proceedings against him. Ja’abari claimed that he had no intention of running anyone over and that he lost control of the car, apparently as a result of medication that he was taking (Ha'aretz, September 9, 2014).
• Thousands participated in his funeral and called to avenge his death. In a speech given by Issa Qaraka,Chairman of the Agency for Prisoners’ Affairs, accused the Israeli government and the Israel Prison Service of "the barbaric killing" of a prisoner. According to Karaka, an autopsy carried out by Palestinian doctors at the Institute for Forensic Medicine at Abu Dis, shows that he was killed as a result of a blow to his head (Wafa, al-Quds,September 12, 2014).

Hamas' reactions to the arrest of its members in Judea and Samaria

• The Palestinian Authority's Security Services continues to arrest Hamas operatives in Judea and Samaria. The Hamas movement called for its activists and operatives in Judea and Samaria to resist arrest and not to respond to summons to preliminary inquiries sent to them by the Palestinian Authority's Security Services. Hamas called upon the Palestinian Authority to stop "this farce of political arrests" and to turn to the option of national unity (PalTimes, September 8, 2014).

Kerem Shalom crossing

• Following the cease-fire, the amount of goods transferred via the Kerem Shalom crossing increased. During the month of September 2014, the number of trucks crossing through Kerem Shalom to the Gaza Strip increased by 60%. Overall, from the beginning of the month to 14 September, 2014, 317 trucks crossed over. This is in comparison to the 196 trucks that crossed over during the entire month of August 2014 (Coordination of Government Activities in the Territories, August 14, 2014).

Rafah crossing

• The Rafah Crossing is still not operating at its regular capacity. In an interview given by senior Hamas member, Musa Abu Marzouq, he said that the Rafah Crossing was awaiting the arrival of Palestinian Authority representatives (al-Quds channel, September 12, 2014). Azzam al-Ahmad, a member of the Fatah Central Committee and the head of the Palestinian delegation to Gaza, said that Egypt had the right not to fully open the Rafah crossing as long as there was no legitimate government managing it. With regard to the Israeli crossings, movement at the Erez crossing had increased and the number of goods trucks entering via the Kerem Shalom crossing had risen. He added that building materials had still not been allowed to enter the Gaza Strip (Anatolia, September 9, 2014).

The humanitarian situation in the Gaza Strip

• According to a report commissioned by UNRWA (as of September 11^th, 2014), there are still 65,774 people residing at 20 of the Agency's schools throughout the Gaza Strip.This slight increase in the number of those residing there, is believed to stem from the fact that residents left public shelters and the houses of families hosting them. UNRWA is working to reduce the number of those residing in their schools to a minimum in order to make possible, with the start of the school year now, regular activities in more schools.
• Muhammad Mustafa, Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of the National Economy in the National Consensus Government, said that more than 100,000 people, namely 20,000 families, were still left without a place to live in the Gaza Strip. This is in addition to the 11,000 people injured, many of whom were in a critical condition. According to him, through cooperation with UNRWA and UN institutions, every family without a home will receive aid of 200-250 dollars (Wafa, September 11, 2014).

On the right: residents of the Gaza Strip still residing in UNRWA schools (PALINFO, September 10, 2014). On the left: Placing caravans in Ikhza’a (PALINFO, September 13, 2014).

Opening of the school year in the Gaza Strip

• On 14 September, 2014, after a delay of three weeks, the school year opened in the Gaza Strip. Half a million pupils began their studies in state schools, private schools and UNRWA schools. At approximately 80% of the schools, a study format of two shifts will take place. During the fighting, 22 schools were destroyed and 120 schools were partially damaged. Pupils who were registered for schools that were destroyed will be temporarily transferred to alternative schools (the Ministry of Education in the Gaza Strip's website, September 14, 2014). UNRWA reported that 240 out of the 252 schools of the UNRWA agency were open.

On the right: pupils in the Gaza Strip on their way to school (Palestine al-Youm, September 14, 2014). On the left: Pupils at school (Wafa, September 14, 2014). Operation to rehabilitate the Gaza Strip

• Approximately 3 weeks after the cease-fire announcement, it appears that restoration activities are currently progressing slowly. The majority of activities are currently designed to meet the population's basic needs (alternative places to live, food supplies etc.). It would appear that the activities of building and restoring the destroyed infrastructures still hasn't begun. In an interview that Musa Abu Marzouq gave, he said that they place the responsibility for the destruction in the Gaza Strip on Israel and that its restoration needs to start as soon as possible by the National Consensus Government, with the aid of the UN and UNRWA. According to him, Hamas; first priority now is to repair the damage alongside strengthening the national unity and developing the capabilities of "the resistance" "in case of an emergency". He clarified that Hamas is not interested in a war but would be prepared for one if it was forced upon it (al-Quds television channel, September 12, 2014).
•  Even the electricity supply to the Gaza Strip is currently limited. Within the framework of efforts to solve the problem of supplying electricity, Walid Sa'ad Sayil, the CEO of the Electric Company in the Gaza Strip, said that the Palestinian Authority promised the Electric Company that it would supply fuel to the power plant in the near future. In his opinion, the plant can start operating again as soon as the fuel required for its operation arrives. Likewise, he also said that they are in contact with the Authority regarding funding the import of solar in light of the difficulty of levying taxes from the residents of the Gaza Strip (Safa, September 13, 2014).

Assistance of international bodies in rehabilitating the Gaza Strip

• Faroud Maring, the UN's Representative of the Development Programme in the Palestinian Authority, said that the UN Development Programme donates one million dollars to support places of refuge for the population in the Gaza Strip. According to him, the money would be allocated to families, that aren't refugee families and whose homes were damaged or destroyed during the war. In addition, he said that it was the organization's intention, in conjunction with the Ministry of Public Works and Housing and the Palestinian Contractors Union, to carry out a comprehensive evaluation of the damage and the rehabilitation needs following the war in the Gaza Strip (UN Development Programme website, September 11, 2014).
• Riyad Al-maliki, Foreign Minister in the National Consensus Government, said that the Palestinians expect countries to donate to a large extent through the UN system for bringing in building materials and not as Israel would want (Ma'an, September 15, 2014).
• At the same time, the arrival of convoys and deliveries of aid to the Gaza Strip is continuing:

•  Iran sent ten trucks of aid including food, medicine and tents (al-Manar, September 13, 2014).
•  A team of the Kuwaiti Red Crescent, situated in the Gaza Strip distributed 7,000 food packages to Palestinian families whose homes were damaged (Kuna, September 13, 2014).
• A fifth convoy of aid from theRed Crescent of the United Arab Emirates reached the Gaza Strip via the Rafah Crossing.   The convoy included 20 trucks loaded with food packages, clothing and medicine (Palestine al-Yaum, 9 September, 2014). The head of the delegation reported that the delegation distributed 600 aid packages to residents whose homes were damaged in the Sheikh Zayed neighborhood in the northern Gaza Strip (WAM, September 12, 2014).
• 49 children from the Gaza Strip left on 8 September, 2014 via the Rafah Crossing, to receive medical treatment in Germany (Palestinian Ministry of Internal Affairs website, September 9, 2014).

Donors' convention for rehabilitating the Gaza Strip

• Muhammad Mustafa, Deputy Prime Minister and the Minister of the National Economy in the National Consensus Government, said that the National Consensus government was planning a convention for rehabilitating the Gaza Strip which was expected to take place on October 12, 2014, in Cairo under the sponsorship of Mahmoud Abbas. He expressed the hope that, alongside the committee's efforts, additional political efforts to restore the Gaza Strip and to facilitate bringing in the necessary building materials would also take place. According to him, the government intends to present the report detailing the strategy for rehabilitating the Gaza Strip in three stages, which would be carried out over the next five years (Wafa, September 11, 2014).

• Allocating alternative accommodation to those who made homeless, the number of which is estimated as being approximately 100,000 (20,000 families) by financing renting apartments in conjunction with the UN organizations.
• Rehabilitating the branches of the economy, primarily agriculture and industry and rehabilitating the electricity, water and communications infrastructure.
• Long-term rehabilitation, whose aim is to prevent a return to the situation that existed in the Gaza Strip prior to the fighting.

The rivalry between Fatah and Hamas is making it difficult to rehabilitate the Gaza Strip

• Senior officials in Hamas and the Palestinian Islamic Jihad claimed that the split between Fatah and Hamas is one of the main causes of the delay in rehabilitating the Gaza Strip. Ismail Haniya said in an interview that the rehabilitation of the Gaza Strip is the right of the civilians whose homes were destroyed. In his opinion, the rehabilitation must be carried out without delay so that those whose homes were destroyed, won't have to pay the price for a political disagreement (al-Khaleej Online, September 12, 2014).
• At a press conference held by the Ministry of Education in the Gaza Strip, Deputy Minister of Education, Ziad Thabet, placed the criticism for the Palestinian Authority's running of the Ministry of Education, on the fact that it doesn't take care of problems within the education system in the Gaza Strip because of its refusal to cooperate with the ministry in the Gaza Strip. Among other things, Thabet also expressed his opinion that the coordination and cooperation between the ministries was better in the past than it is since the establishment of the National Consensus Government (Ma'an, September 14, 2014).
• Ziad al-Nakhala, the deputy leader of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, said that the differences of opinion between Hamas and Fatah harmed the renewal of the cease-fire negotiations. He called upon all sides to address the crisis between Fatah and Hamas, emphasizing that the differences of opinion delay the rehabilitation of the Gaza Strip (Ma'an, September 13, 2014).

Remembrance rallies whose aim is to establish the "Narrative of Victory"

• Alongside activities for rehabilitating the Gaza Strip, remembrance rallies by the various terror organizations, continue to take place, with each one attempting to establish the "narrative of victory" of his organization. On September 13, 2014, the Palestinian Islamic Jihad held a rally in Gaza City in which the senior officials participated in. During the rally, Muhammad al-Hindi, one of the organization's senior officials, gave a speech where he praised the operatives' functioning during the fighting (Palestine al-Yaum, September 13, 2014).
•  Ismail Haniya carried out a round of visits in the Gaza Strip, as part of which, he visited areas where the fighting took place and met with civilians whose homes were destroyed and the families of those killed. Within this framework, he also visited Khan Yunis, in refugee camps in the center of the Gaza Strip and in Rafah. During these visits, Haniya emphasized that no link must be made between rehabilitating the Gaza Strip and between stripping the organizations of their weapons, saying that "the weapons of the Palestinian resistance are holy and that the rehabilitation is progressing” (Hamas Info, September 10, 2014).

On the right: Senior Hamas officials at a rally in the Khan Yunis neighborhood, at the foot of the stage are death notices for  operatives from Khan Yunis who were killed. On the left: Senior Hamas officials paying a visit to comfort the al-Astal family, several of whose sons were killed in the operation within the framework of their activities in the Izz-ad-Din al-Qassam Brigades (PALDF, September 10-11, 2014).

Admission that Hamas launched rockets from areas close to schools or hospitals

• For the first time since the end of the fighting, A Hamas official admitted that Hamas launched rockets from areas adjacent to schools and hospitals. According to Ghazi Hamad, a senior Hamas official, this was done for the lack of any choice because of the Gaza Strip’s crowded urban landscape. According to him, the rockets fired from the areas of schools or hospitals were fired from rocket launchers which were situated "at a safe distance" of 200-300 meters (yard). However, he admitted that there were "some mistakes" but according to him, they were quickly dealt with (AP. September 12, 2014). 

Continuation of lawfare

• Ismail Haniyacalled upon Mahmoud Abbas to sign the Geneva Convention in order to put the Israeli leaders on trial and because signing the Geneva Convention would constitute achieving justice for all the Palestinian victims. He emphasized that every delay would mean neglecting these victims (Al-Rai, September 11, 2014).  
• Amin Maqbul, the Secretary-General of Fatah's Revolutionary Council, said that the Palestinian Authority would approach the International Criminal Court (ICC) in The Hague in order to put Israel on trial for its crimes against the citizens of the Gaza Strip. According to him, the Authority would start by approaching international institutions after the UN General Assembly where Mahmoud Abbas is supposed to give a speech in which he will talk about "Israel's crimes". According to him, the decision to put Israel on trial has already been taken and all that remains is to arrange when to approach it (Alresalah.net, September 14, 2014).

Activities to boycott Israel

• A delegation of GUE/NGL^[3] visited in Israel. During the visit, the members of the delegation met with Omar al-Barghouti who heads the BDS campaign. In his conversation with the delegation, al-Barghouti said that they wanted the European Union to place pressure on companies that "benefit from the Israeli Occupation" by means of their assets, interests and activities. According to al-Barghouti, , the aim of the divestment is to get to the Achilles' heel of the occupation and it is clear that Israel sees BDS as a strategic threat as it is destroying 'brand Israel' Barghouti commented that what was required was Israel's full isolation in all fields. In his opinion, just labelling products of the settlements is not enough and therefore there must be a call for placing an embargo on Israel (The official website of the GUE/NGL political party, September 7, 2014).

Launching cleaning products named after rockets

• Teba, the Palestinian company for cleaning products and cosmetics, launched a range of hand soaps called after the names of rockets fired at Israel during Operation "Protective Edge". Among the products there is a product called M-75 and a product called R-160. Mahmoud Zidan, the CEO of the company, explained that the launch of the new product was designed to support the Palestinian economy and to compete with the Israeli products, 16% of whose profits reach the IDF. He added that the names of the products were chosen at the strong instigation of the residents of Gaza during the war and they were intended to promote the economic resistance to Israeli products (PNN, September 14, 2014).

An Israeli Arab resident of Nazareth joined the ranks of the Islamic State organization in Syria

• The London newspaper, Al-rai al-Youm, reported on an Israeli Arab by the name of Rabia’ Shehadeh, a 25-year old married man from Nazareth, who left his work in Tel Aviv and his family at the beginning of 2014 and decided to travel to Syria in order to join the ranks of the IS (formerly ISIS) organization.  In a video clip that Shehadeh published on Youtube under his pseudonym "Abu Mus'ab al-Safuri" (which refers to the fact that his family originated from the village of Tzippori in the Galilee,)he calls upon people to join the Jihad in Syria.  In another video clip, published in May 2014, he says: "We are a people that love to die for Allah while you love life. We love to drink your blood". A friend who appears alongside him in the clip, names him "the Palestinian butcher".
• In an interview to the al-Arab website that was conducted with him in Syria, he commented that he had been longing to go to Jihad in Syria for many years. As for the IS organization, he said that the organization protects Muslims and members of other religions and that their aim in Syria is not just to overthrow the Assad regime but also to establish an Islamic state which will be governed according to Islamic law (Al-rai al-Yaum, London, September 12, 2014(.On his Facebook page, he uploaded his photo together with another fighter in the IS organization. On his main post he wrote that he doesn't accept friends to his page (Facebook page of Abu Mus'ab al-Safuri, September 15, 2014).

On the right: Rabia Shehadeh from Nazareth in an interview conducted with him in Syria (Arab Net 5 website, September 14, 2014). On the left: Rabia Shehadeh calling from Syria to join him for Jihad (Youtube clip, February 20, 2014).