The Muslim Brotherhood in the Arab World and Islamic Communities in Western Europe
This study is updates and supplements the ITIC’s June 2011 study of the Muslim Brotherhood.
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Syria
Hamas evacuates its Syrian external headquarters: overview and initial analysis
In view of the instability of Bashar Assad’s regime, Hamas has begun evacuating its Syrian external headquarters. According to media reports, most of Hamas’ activists have already left Syria.
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Ahmed Jibril’s organization (PFLP-GC) blamed the PA, Fatah, and Saudi Arabia for the violent clashes in Al-Yarmuk refugee camp.
Ahmed Jibril’s organization (PFLP-GC) blamed the PA, Fatah, and Saudi Arabia for the violent clashes in Al-Yarmuk refugee camp. The PA and Fatah strongly condemned Jibril’s “crimes”, while PA media blamed the Syrian regime for the incident. Hamas, recognizing its dependence on Syria, tried to play both sides of the fence.
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Following the Naksa Day events, there was strong internal Palestinian criticism of Ahmed Jibril’s organization (PFLP-GC), affiliated with the Syrian regime, and of other pro-Syrian organizations.
They were blamed for cynically sending young Palestinians to their deaths to serve the interests of the Syrian and other regimes (possibly Iran). PFLP-GC and PFLP-Habash operatives were attacked by relatives of the slain Palestinians during funerals held in Al-Yarmukh refugee camp near Damascus. The PFLP-GC headquarters were torched.
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The main theme of the various Nakba Day events was the Palestinian refugees’ return to the 1948 territories and the destruction of the State of Israel.
The main theme of the various Nakba Day events was the Palestinian refugees’ return to the 1948 territories and the destruction of the State of Israel. Clinging to the refugees’ return is central to Hamas’ strategy, backed by Iran and Hezbollah and supported by Palestinians in the territories and abroad.
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Previous years bulletins
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Syria is a central factor in the Arab-Israeli conflict and has been in conflict with the State of Israel since its establishment. Syria’s basic position rejects the Zionist idea and views the State of Israel as a foreign element that must be uprooted. Since its establishment, Syria has led the political and military struggle against pre-state Israel and the State of Israel. Syria is demanding that Israel give up its control over an area of about 1,200 square kilometers in the Golan Heights, which was occupied by Israel in 1967. In view of its profound hostility to Israel, Syria has supported the Palestinian terrorist organizations and Hezbollah for many years. Syria was designated as a terrorism-supporting state by the US State Department back in 1979.
Despite repeated attempts since the early 1990s to reach a peace agreement with Syria, an official state of war still exists between it and Israel. These relations have been influenced by the involvement of elements such as the Soviet Union and Iran, Syria’s relations with other Arab countries (Egypt, Jordan and Lebanon) and its relations with the Palestinians. These relations have also been influenced by the fact that Syria perceives Israel’s territory as part of what it calls Greater Syria.
Since early 2011, there has been a civil war in Syria between President Bashar Assad and the forces loyal to him, and rebel organizations with various ideologies and political orientation. The civil war has led to the destruction of the country’s infrastructure, the removal of Syria from the Arab League, and tension in its relations with Sunni countries (Saudi Arabia, Qatar, Jordan and Turkey). Syria’s relations with the United States and Western countries have also deteriorated. On the other hand, the Syrian regime is supported by Russia, Iran and Hezbollah, and by Shiite militias supported by Iran.